Free Essays on E-retailing

E-Retailing Retail is one of the more noticeable market segments on the Web. In retail, traders sell items and administrations legitimately to a purchaser. E-retail, likewise called e-tail, happens when retailers utilize the Web to sell their items and administrations (Sanchez 16). E-retailers continually challenge the old methods of directing business as they carry new items and administrations to the market. All retailers, notwithstanding, work likewise. A client (shopper) visits an online business at what might be compared to a showroom: the electronic retail facade. The electronic customer facing facade, additionally called an online list, is the Web website where an e-retailer shows its items. It contains depictions, designs, and some of the time item surveys. In the wake of perusing through the product, the client makes a choice. This initiates a second zone of the store known as the shopping basket. The shopping basket is a product part on the Web that permits the client to gather buys. Things in the truck can be included. Erased, or even put something aside for a future visit. At the point when prepared to finish the deal, the client continues to the checkout. At this, the client enters individual and monetary information through a protected Internet association. The exchange and money related information consequently are confirmed at a financial Web webpage. On the off chance that the bank favors the exchange, the client gets an online affirmation notice of the buy. At that point, the e-retailer forms the request and sends it to the satisfaction community where it is bundled and delivered. The e-retailer informs the bank of the shipment, and installment is sent by means of electronic channels to the e-retailer. Stock frameworks are refreshed. Delivery data is posted in the Web, so the client can follow the request. The client ordinarily gets the request a couple of days after the buy (Microsoft Word 2002 Project 2). E-retailing presents another approach to shop. The store is open 24 hours per day. With a couple of snaps of th... Free Essays on E-retailing Free Essays on E-retailing E-Retailing Retail is one of the more obvious market areas on the Web. In retail, vendors sell items and administrations legitimately to a purchaser. E-retail, additionally called e-tail, happens when retailers utilize the Web to sell their items and administrations (Sanchez 16). E-retailers continually challenge the old methods of leading business as they carry new items and administrations to the market. All retailers, notwithstanding, work likewise. A client (customer) visits an online business at what could be compared to a showroom: the electronic retail facade. The electronic customer facing facade, additionally called an online inventory, is the Web webpage where an e-retailer shows its items. It contains depictions, designs, and now and then item surveys. In the wake of perusing through the product, the client makes a choice. This initiates a second zone of the store known as the shopping basket. The shopping basket is a product segment on the Web that permits the client to gather buys. Things in the truck can be included. Erased, or even put something aside for a future visit. At the point when prepared to finish the deal, the client continues to the checkout. At this, the client enters individual and money related information through a safe Internet association. The exchange and monetary information consequently are checked at a financial Web webpage. On the off chance that the bank endorses the exchange, the client gets an online affirmation notice of the buy. At that point, the e-retailer forms the request and sends it to the satisfaction community where it is bundled and dispatched. The e-retailer informs the bank of the shipment, and installment is sent by means of electronic channels to the e-retailer. Stock frameworks are refreshed. Delivery data is posted in the Web, so the client can follow the request. The client regularly gets the request a couple of days after the buy (Microsoft Word 2002 Project 2). E-retailing presents another approach to shop. The store is open 24 hours every day. With a couple of snaps of th...

The Godmother of All the Pretty Horses Essay -- Essays Papers

The Godmother of All the Pretty Horses In investigation of the character, Duena Alfonsa, in the novel All the Pretty Horses by Cormac McCarthy, features of her character are plainly uncovered. From her physical distortion to her sentiments of her dad keeping her ousted in her own nation, seventy-multi year old Alfonsa is loaded up with a lifetime of complex circumstances. Her character was reliable and inspirational in knowledge and gave significance in her job in the novel. She is a grandaunt and adoptive parent of Alejandra, a youthful youngster still in school. The Duena, one could state, is the Adoptive parent of the novel. She truly goes to the sleeping cushions in shielding her grandniece from a man. Following seventy-two years of life, Alfonsa talks about her background's at a raised degree of information. She is formal, obliging, and loaded with assuredness. McCarthy depicts Alfonsa's appearance as a polish chilling (McCarthy 227). Her insight originated from understanding books. McCarthy composes of Alfonsa, When I was sixteen I had perused numerous books and I had become a freethinker (McCarthy 232). Alfonsa's intricacy incorporated her physical distortion. She depicts the loss of her last two fingers of her left submit a shooting mishap when she was seventeen years of age where the barrel of the firearm detonated while she was firing for live pigeons. This set her with a few viewpoints. Two of her points of view in turning out to be disfigured were, first, it lead her to the emotions...

Why Most Marketers Should Care About Virtual and Augmented Reality

Why Most Marketers Should Care About Virtual and Augmented Reality Marketing is a pretty interesting career, at least for those who love it. And the journey to become a great marketer is an interesting one too.Who wouldn’t want to know how the human mind works? Not for the sake of becoming a psychologist, but for you to know what to tell someone so as to get more results from your campaigns.At the same time, marketing can be very challenging.As a marketer, unless you are just getting started, you have definitely experienced some challenges.And although there are challenges in every industry, marketing seems to be going through a challenging phase.Whereas technology often brings benefits to many industries, the latest tech advancements have caused marketers to be somewhat divided.Should the new technology be embraced or shunned?The new technology referred to comes in two shades.Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality.Though they started off as science fiction materials, they are quickly being adopted. And soon enough, they are going to be mainstream. These technologies have been utilized in the gaming industry but have recently found usage in other industries too.As you will see later, many different industries have taken these up for a “Test Drive” and they are glad to have done that.Before getting deeper with the marketing perspective to the technology, let’s first differentiate the two.Virtual Reality definedVirtual reality is the use of technology to display things which aren’t real in a manner which makes them seem real. When viewing virtual reality content, you will experience some form of transportation into a different place.Your reality, i.e. your physical environment, gets switched and you experience life in a different environment. This is mostly experienced through the wearing of Head Mounted Displays (HMD).These are special glasses which are able to give you the impression that you are in a different location.The glasses block your view of the physical world and usher you into a computer-generated one.In the new environment, you can move and interact with objects as though interacting with a physical world.Augmented Reality definedAugmented reality is where your physical environment gets supplemented by additional computer-generated images. Your reality basically stays the same only that you have objects added to it.This is meant to be an enhancement of your environment. The additional objects could be anything from the projection of information to something like an animal appearing in front of you.In some cases, you can literally interact with the additional objects which appear alongside your physical environment. The best examples of these are the game Pokemon GO and Snapchat’s face filters.Augmented Reality can be as real as seeing a whale come up from underneath a gymnasium floor and dive back into the temporarily-created ocean. The most notable aspect of these technologies is the fact that they open you up to a totally different experience.Whether it is Virtual Reality or Augme nted Reality, you will experience something that you wouldn’t have imagined being possible some years ago.HOW TO VIEW VIRTUAL AND AUGMENTED REALITYConsidering that these realities are not natural, you generally need a way of viewing them.This is especially the case for Virtual Reality which is a completely different environment that has been created.This is also the challenge VR device manufacturers face in getting the technology to the masses. For many people to adopt it, it has to be convenient and cheap.The very things which the devices are not.Let’s look at some of the most common ways of accessing these technologies.The Oculus Devices (VR)Oculus VR was independent until it’s acquisition by Facebook in 2014. The Facebook subsidiary has released three Virtual Reality devices aimed at drawing as many people as possible into the VR world.Although they are all VR headsets, some differences exist to distinguish them.The Oculus Rift is intended for gaming though it can also be u sed for social VR. It is purely a headset which must be connected to a gaming PC. It has controls and sensors for positional tracking. The data from the sensors is used to reflect your movements inside the virtual world.Oculus Go on the other hand is used primarily for media consumption and not necessarily for gaming. It comes in two variations of memory size: 32 GB and 64 GB. You can either make use of the apps included in it or transfer files from a PC and watch on the device.Oculus Quest sits somewhere in between. It is powerful and intended for gamers. Like the Go, it is a standalone. It doesn’t require any connection to a PC. Unlike the Go and like the Rift, it has positional tracking.Quest’s tracking is however different from Rift’s. Whereas Rift uses sensors, Quest makes use of cameras.Somewhat similar devices though not by Oculus are HTC Vive, Sony’s PlayStation VR and Google’s Cardboard.Using Smartphones and Relevant Apps (AR)The best example of Augmented Reality is the use of smartphones and apps capable of providing the experience. This is the most advanced application so far of this technology.The availability on the smartphone platform makes AR very accessible as it means virtually everyone with a smartphone could interact with AR content.From a marketers’ point of view, this is the best thing to happen since the dawn of social media. Although increased mobile penetration meant more people accessing social media, it now means more people accessing AR.Generally speaking, as far as the current phase of these twin technologies are concerned, AR stands out as the one likely to provide higher ROIs.This is because it is easily available to consumers. Consumers in this case being everyone with a smartphone. Microsoft Hololens (MR)Between Virtual and Augmented Reality is something called Mixed Reality. This is what Microsoft Hololens ushers you into. Some of the objects which it projects are the work of Virtual Reality while others are Augment ed.In most cases, the AR aspect comes out in a bigger way than the VR aspect. Still, the combination of these two technologies into one is something that will possibly go along way in pushing for such products.Check this video to understand the possibilities. WHY SHOULD YOU CARE?With that brief look at these technologies, you may wonder what importance they really bring to your career.If you are keen on running marketing campaigns which have more impact, then you should care very much about these.Virtual and Augmented Reality technologies are going to change the marketing industry. They offer new territories to be conquered where only video game manufacturers have previously walked.But just to keep things in perspective for you, let’s look at how your marketing strategy can be improved by these technologies.Better ExperiencesMarketing is about experiences and this is what sells. However, VR and AR take these experiences to a new level. Enough with the smart combination of text and pictures to make great blog content.When you develop content for the VR and AR platforms, you are essentially taking the viewers on a trip to the places they see. This is especially true for VR.Being the most immersive of them, VR literally takes you to where the action is. It “transports” you from your current environment and places you into a different environment.Unlike what happens when watching videos, VR puts you right into the action.If you are watching a football game, then you will see and feel yourself seated at the very front row.This means that as a marketer, when you have your content available, your customer or prospect will be able to interact with it in ways beyond the traditional.For example, whereas traditional marketing would come up with written stories and videos, VR takes these further. Upon wearing a device, your real world gets cut off and you enter a different one.The world in which the content was created.This way, you don’t imagine the experience. Y ou experience it very literally.Increased EngagementNo matter how good your content is, if there is no engagement then you haven’t achieved anything. If people are not interacting with your content, then it will not be of any benefit.This is the last thing you want as a marketer.So how do you guarantee engagement?VR and AR are no longer new as they have already been embraced by some major brands. And this is for a good reason.These brands have not just decided to embrace the next big thing and try it out, they have actually realized how much potential there is. Take the example of PepsiCo UK Max and their Pepsi Max “Unbelievable” campaign.They utilized Augmented Reality on a London bus stop.They turned one of the bus stop’s walls into a live-feed showing the appearance of attacking space objects, a giant robot and even a stray tiger walking towards the bus stop.Obviously, some travelers got scared though they soon realized what was going on. But that was just the starting po int for PepsiCo UK.The campaign was a real experience for many. And when the company urged people to share “Unbelievable” scenes, the response was great.Below is a video of the AR experience. The results?More than 8 million views, with over 85% of them resulting from social sharing the video.The video managed to get a Facebook engagement rate of 9% (six times higher that the category’s average of 1.5%) and the market share of Pepsi Max grew by 1.2%.Unrivaled ImmersionStorytelling is great since it makes the audience or readers engaged, especially when emotions are incorporated into it. But even the best storytelling can never rival what Virtual Reality can do.Stories are meant to make the audience “see” themselves in the story. When this happens, they relate to the characters in the story and in some cases, even to the narrator.VR on the other hand, quite literally transports the would-be audience straight into the story.In short, with VR, the consumers or users don’t †œsee” themselves in the story, they get into the story and become part of it.And with good marketing (i.e. good content creation), the story is centered around them.Being where the action is and all your emotions tied into the experience, few words can describe the excitement you will feel.Highly Memorable CampaignsWith a thrilling experience as a result of the level of immersion, it would be understandable if you kept talking about the experience.Emotions are everything and the experiences which stand out are the ones which trigger most emotions.With VR, being present in a different world will stand out in your mind. It is just like going on a vacation to your dream destination and everything being perfect.If your brand can remain in the minds of customers and prospects for longer than your competitors, you can count on achieving more profits.Guaranteed Earned MediaYou know how the media works. They mainly go for what is fresh or trending. When VR and AR first hit the mainstream market, the media was quick to pick it up for news.Even without a very good understanding of the inner workings of the technology.All the same, the media had to run with the news. And if something else pops up now, it will be all over sooner than later.This is just how the media operates. It’s more like “Report now, explain later.”But have you given this philosophy some more thought to see whether it can benefit your brand in any way?In case you haven’t, here’s how to make it work for you.Anything new, fashionable, trendy or even weird, will raise eyebrows. And that is where the media comes in.With their reliable tendency to run with such things, they will pick it up and make it trendy. For them, they are doing business. They are seeking to be the first ones to report on the newest thing.As a marketer who implemented VR or AR, especially ahead of your competitors, you will certainly create some waves.And instead of having to go for expensive paid media, you will watch it c ome your way.And you know just how valuable earned media is, don’t you?EXAMPLE USES OF VR AND AR IN MARKETINGJust in case you are still unsure about how this can work out, we’ll give you some examples to consider. We have picked different industries to show you that the technology is not limited.Although not all implementations of VR and AR can fit this article, the below selection is a good one.Real EstateReal estate is not only big business, it is also necessary business.When you think of it as a means for you to help people get the homes which fit their needs, then you will see the need to make it easier for them to make the decision.In this, you will also benefit because you avoid all the inconveniences of planning visits with numerous clients who have different schedules.Or probably one prospect’s availability clashes with another yet a visit requires 1 hour.What do you do?Enter Virtual Reality.If you are selling homes, forget about taking high resolution pictures of ever y room. Remember that what will make the customer buy is the feeling. The house may be good but if she doesn’t feel like it is, then it isn’t.And that means that the house will not be bought. No business for you.To ensure this isn’t the case, invest in a VR headset and contact a reputable VR content producer or a 360 ° video creator. 360 ° videos can even be created using some smartphone apps. That gives you room to try this out at a low cost.After filming the home, load the content in the headset and this will now be your homes catalog.Ditch the print version you made and use this to take your clients straight into the home. Let them walk around and see everything for themselves.This way, you won’t struggle describing anything in a way understandable to the client as they will see it themselves. Augmented Reality for RestaurantsWhen you walk into a restaurant, what is the first thing you look at?The menu. Right?Menus have for a long time been a list of the names of various foods sold by the restaurant. Some menus have small pictures of the foods to help you see how they look like.This is especially the case in restaurants selling foreign cuisines.This is obviously helpful. But once you experience the power of AR in a restaurant, then you will redefine the word “helpful”.Kabaq is an app which enables users to interact with the food they are ordering before it actually gets to the table. They do this by use of AR.With high quality 360 ° images of the foods, you get to see an almost-real offering of the food before buying.Instead of wondering what some foods look like, you can make a decision to order having been attracted by the actual looks. The food is projected onto the table right in front of you and you can turn it around to see all the sides of it.For customers, this is the best experience you can expect. For businesses, the customer experience adds value too. Great customer experiences always result to higher revenues. And businesses attest t o this.In fact, one business realized a 22% sales increase because of introducing the AR foods. Home ImprovementAfter a hard day’s work, you look to having a rest on the sofa. Maybe for a few minutes before preparing dinner. Or, you may have a couch from where you catch your weekend movies. But what if you wanted an upgrade?With online shopping providing such a convenience, you would most likely check out some furniture and order online.But the pictures don’t always tell you everything.At times, the product will look exactly like the one you saw online but the size may not be what you expected.Ever bought a piece of furniture which didn’t fit the space you wanted to keep it?If “yes,” then you wouldn’t want the same experience again. If “no,” you better hope you never get to.With many returning products bought online for such and other similar reasons , IKEA decided to help its customers avoid the frustration.What’s more? They also avoid handling unnecessary returns . This cuts down on their costs and saves time.IKEA developed an app which helps customers use Augmented Reality to superimpose products at home before they bought them. Instead of making assumptions, you can easily see how the product will fit.You can actually furnish your whole house using this method. By the time the delivery is done, you know exactly where everything goes. This helps you settle down faster and enjoy your purchase sooner. RetailThe retail industry is also adopting Virtual Reality. In fact, many companies have created a virtual experience for their customers.One widely-known example is the online retailer Alibaba. They came up with a concept which created a digital version of a department store complete with aisles. It also features products with prices as well as purchase options.Aside from concepts, perhaps a more ready example is the collaboration between Swarovski and Mastercard. They created a VR app which allows you to purchase home accessories.After signing in and providing your bank account details, you browse the digital store using head movements i.e. up, down, right and left. Once you are done shopping, you proceed to checkout using the Masterpass button.Watch the below video to see it at work. With the ever-changing face of retail, from brick and mortar to e-commerce, the possibilities are high that going virtual could be the next big thing.CONCLUSIONBoth Augmented and Virtual Reality are set to cause changes in the marketing industry.Adoption has already started and it’s just a matter of time before it becomes an everyday thing.

Nativism and Racism after the Civil War - 663 Words

After the American Civil War, immigration has played a critical role that was seen as a problematical threat on religious, cultural, economic, and political aspects. Due to immigration from Europe, the United States population increased exceptionally in which has allowed a diverse view or perspective in Nativism and Racism. Both of these ideologies have various differences with definite degrees being successful during the elements of American history. Elements contained by immigrant groups or policies such as the â€Å"Jim Crow Laws† or â€Å"Ku Klux Klan† have significantly reformed patterns within America’s settlements. The term â€Å"nativism† is appealed for ethnic, religious, cultural or racial reasons. It is also referred as discrimination based on where you come from. The upsurge of nativism was caused mainly by immigration in the 1920’s. The substantial inflow of new immigrants into new regions petrified most of the population. These people were known as â€Å"Nativist† who are opposed to immigration. Nativists always spoke against immigration and used propaganda to persuade the public. If convincing others wouldn’t work, then they would use violence to threaten the immigrants who were here. Many reasons as to why nativists disliked immigrants was due to fear. Some of the reasons were economic situations since nativists believed that the immigrants would take jobs away from their residents or overload the government if they are unable to be responsible for themselves. Immigrants wereShow MoreRelatedEth/125 Week61601 Words   |  7 Pages 5. The fear or hatred of strangers or foreigners is known as a. nativism. b. xenophobia. c. ethnocentrism. d. racism. 6. The most important force causing people to emigrate has been a. war. b. political repression. c. economic. d. religion. 7. Beliefs and policies favoring native-born citizens over immigrants is called a. racism. b. ethnocentrism. c. nativism. d. absolute deprivation. 8. Border deaths along the United States-MexicoRead MoreThe Fight Against Racism And Discrimination1737 Words   |  7 PagesChansuyco History 110 Class Number – 30 Final Paper—The Fight Against Racism and Discrimination Throughout history we have seen how racism has evolved and has impacted the lives of many minority groups in America. With the migration of people from different backgrounds all over the world, the United States has truly become a melting pot of cultures, religions and backgrounds. However, with this massive influx of people, nativism is bound to cause problems. Over time, through the efforts of differentRead MoreImmigration In The 19th Century Essay895 Words   |  4 PagesImmigration became so prominent in America between 1870 and 1900 that the foreign-born population of the United States had almost doubled. A lot of German and Irish Catholics had immigrated in the 1840’s and 1850’s, and more decided to immigrate after the Civil War. A portion of Americans were biased against Catholics. Thankfully, the Irish spoke English and the German Catholics reputation was improved because of their Protestant countrymen’s good reputation. However, their children often la cked any skillRead MoreThe Battle Of The Republican Party Essay1279 Words   |  6 Pagesto controversial issues within the United States of America. The founders of this political party ‒ anti-slavery Whigs, former Democrats, former members of the Free Soil Party and Know-Nothing Party ‒ helped to identify their ideals prior to the Civil War. Early ideology can be prominently identified as opposition to slavery and its spread into the West. The 1856 Republican Convention claimed the formation of the party was â€Å"in response to the increasing importance of the slavery issue and its oppositionRead MoreNot Like Us : Immigrants And Minorities853 Words   |  4 Pages Daniels, Roger. Not like Us: Immigrants and Minorities in America, 1890-1924. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 1997. In his book, Not Like Us: Immigrants and Minorities in America, 1890-1924, Roger Daniels explores the true history of American nativism in a time period where immigrants entered the country in greater numbers than ever before, or since. Instead of focusing on politics or economic growth at the turn of the twentieth century, Daniels instead discusses the social context of the time and the treatmentRead More History of Latino/a Immigration to the U.S. Essay1475 Words   |  6 Pagesmyths provides a realization that it is important not to formulate polices based on preconceptions of racialized groups. Therefore, reforming immigration policies is a complex issue and must be handled properly without any racism or nativism. Creating policies based on racism or natives would only deny the equal access to opportunities for immigrants to achieve the American dream. Nativists are campaigning for tighter immigration restrictions because all of the Latino/as, particularly the MexicansRead MoreThe Main Obstacle Preventing Blacks From Achieving Equality Essay1213 Words   |  5 Pagesobstacle preventing blacks from achieving equality in the 1920s – 1930s? Black Americans faced a number of obstacles, widespread and entrenched WASP racism, Existence of white supremacist organisations such as the KKK, De Jure (legal segregation) Lack of political influence, and Disunity amongst the campaign groups, campaigning for black Americans civil right. America, unlike the UK, has a written constitution, which has the intention of granting equal rights to all citizens. Under this constitutionRead MoreThe Measure Of Freedom And Equality1405 Words   |  6 Pagesgovernment, such as suffrage, is in fact striking. The promise of civil and political equality regardless of race was evidently flawed by the adoption of democracy, which easily was contorted by nativism, racism, violence, and corruption. America was growing country faced with the hard ships and challenges such as depressions and political turmoil, but its democratic standpoint allowed new opportunities for people in and out of America. The Civil War was a turning point in the nations development of democracyRead MoreEssay on Immigration and Nativism in the United States2115 Words   |  9 PagesImmigration and Nativism in the United States In the United States, the clichà © of a nation of immigrants is often invoked. Indeed, very few Americans can trace their ancestry to what is now the United States, and the origins of its immigrants have changed many times in American history. Despite the identity of an immigrant nation, changes in the origins of immigrants have often been met with resistance. What began with white, western European settlers fleeing religious persecutionRead MoreTraditional Values Conflicted with a Modern Era in the Roaring Twenties738 Words   |  3 Pagesascend of a consumer culture, the upsurge of mass entertainment, changes in the religious and moral climate, the boiling tensions of the black racial movement and the changing role of women in society. The United States was going through a cultural civil war where traditional values conflicted with an era of modernity. Mass culture and entertainment growth had a profound and often controversial impact on the nation in the 1920s. As the United States became urbanized, we became a mass-production/mass-consumption

History Event - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2192 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2018/12/18 Category History Essay Type Research paper Level High school Tags: World War 2 Essay Did you like this example? Introduction Over the past centuries in the World, quite a lot has happened. Whatever has happened in the past is often referred to as history. For our study purposes, we are going to consider a historical event which happened in the past. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "History Event" essay for you Create order Definitely these historical events affect the way people in the World behave and interact with each other. By this, I mean that the event has a psychological impact on the lives of the people who were affected by the said event. For some people fear is created, trauma, while to others the events create room for more coexistence between the involved parties. In some cases, these historical events have an underlying effect on the relations between various countries and their neighbors. About this, some historical events lead to greater interactions and relations between the involved countries, while to others increased enemity is created. This cant be blamed on the government of the day but on a historical event which led to strained relationships between the two. However, there is still room for countries which became enemies and foes due to a historical event to reconcile. On the other hand, we have to consider the impact of the historical event to the World. Would the World still be same as it is currently without the historical event? To better understand this, we are going to have a look at the impact of the historical event regarding economic impact, social relations, international relations, foreign relations, etc. Some historical events have greater impact compared to others. Based o the above introduction, I guess the reader is motivated to read the historical event Im about to introduce. In the mind of the reader, vivid pictures concerning the historical event have already begun being visualized. Just a preview of my historical event, it will cover a war which happened in the World in the 20th century. This event will be discussed and researched by scholars for years to come in the World. From my research, no historical event will even surpass this war. Other than the myths on creation and evolution which might compete for top position in this war, the rest are just lesser historical events. What Im talking about is the Second World War (Stuart 2012). Overview of the Second World War The Second World War is a war which happened in the World in the 20th century. It took place between the years 1939 to 1945. This marked six years characterized by bloodshed and property destruction. The war involved most countries of the World which were superpowers at that particular time. The war mainly involved over three countries which were assumed to be the most economically developed countries in the World. When it came to war technology, the countries were considered among the best. This is the reason why they were being referred to as the World Superpowers at that particular time. However, this doesnt mean that the rest of the countries in the World were not affected. In fact, almost all the countries in the World Produced some soldiers who were directly involved in the Second World War. For instance, during the war, most countries which had not been colonized were protectorates of the superpowers mainly involved in the war. Hence the colonizers took the soldiers of their subject countries and put them on the battlefield to fight on their behalf. This explains one of the reasons why the war is considered to be the greatest war ever experienced in the World. Secondly, the war is the greatest based on the number of the casualties and the property destruction. It is estimated that to the minimum 50 million people lost their lives and on the higher side 85 million people are assumed to have died. Most of those who died were civilians who were caught in the crossfire while the soldiers engaged each other. Other than the deaths most people have scars and health conditions which have been transferred over to the next generations genetically. Examples include those who were affected by the atomic bombs at Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Further, when it came to the destruction of property, some countries were wiped to dust. Considering that most of these countries were recovering from the effects of the First World War, now they were hit by another catastrophe in the name of the Second World War. It would take years for most of these countries to recover from the effects of the war. Most of the developed countries we are currently seeing were some of the most affected by the Second World War. Major Players in the War Though the Second World War began in 1939, it is often believed that instances leading to the war had begun as early as the year 1937. This marked two years where most countries were almost certain that a big military conflict was about to happen in the World but no country was willing to start the conflict. The war began in the current region of Asia and the Pacific region. During the 1930s Japan was the most economically developed and industrialized country in the region. China followed it. However, Japan wanted to be the undoubted supreme ruler of the Asian and Pacific regions. To achieve this, it had to eliminate competition from China. This could only be done through war, where Japan began attacking China in wars such as the Balkan War (Anthony 1994). However, the actual war began on the 1st day of September in 1939. It began with Germany attacking the country of Poland. Germany was under the leadership of Adolf Hitler. As a result of Germany attacking Poland, allies of Poland declared immediate war on Germany. These allies were first led by France which declared war on Germany immediately. France was backed by the United Kingdom and China. The countries behind Poland and France were referred to as the allied nations during the war. However, Japan attacked the US in the year 1941 marking the late entry of US into the war under the allied forces. With no time the US had taken control of leadership among the allied forces. On the other hand, Germany fought under the Axis forces umbrella. Germany got support from, Japan and Italy. Initially, the axis forces had gained more control in the European region. It was now becoming a reality that the Axis forces would emerge the eventual winners of the Second World War and assume superiority in the World. However, in 1942 the odds began to change when Japan was defeated in the Mid Way battle. On the other hand, Germany and Italy were defeated by the Allied forces in Africa. However, the war had to wait till 1945 for it to end. First, it began with the capture of Italy by the allied forces later followed the suicide of Adolf Hitler forcing Germany to surrender. However, it was not until September 2nd when Japan surrendered to the allied forces marking the end of the war. Also, this marked the win of the allied forces. In 1945, the US used atomic bombs on Japanese soil dropping them at Hiroshima and Nagasaki. In history, this is the only time atomic bombs have ev er been used in the World (Charles 2012). Now from the chronological effects of the participants and their involvement in the Second World War, this is what has shaped the current political and economic position of the World. This has been achieved through some ways as we are going to see later in the following chapters of the paper. The War Led to the Formation of Various Bodies After the war ended, we had the formation of various bodies, both NGOs and economic-based bodies. Allegiance formed These bodies. Others were formed by agreements. Also, most of the trade forums in Europe are attributed to the Second World War. Lets have a look at some of the bodies formed. United Nations (UN) United Nations is arguably the largest Non Governmental organization in the World. UN has very many subsidiary bodies which include UNICEF, UNCTAD, etc. The major participants of the Second World War have the greatest membership when it comes to allocation of executive positions at the UN. They include US, United Kingdom, China, Japan, Russia, Germany, Italy, and France. The UN was initially formed to prevent another war as great as the Second World War from happening in the World. This explains why the UN is at the forefront when it comes to acting as a mediator in countries on the verge of experiencing war. On the other hand, the UN acts as a negotiator between fighting parties in the war to come up with a binding agreement and solution to the war. The UN also has a special branch composed of military personnel from almost all member countries. This military personnel is deployed to areas experiencing war to protect the citizens and bring a sense of calmness (Karen 2007). Further, the UN offers humanitarian aid to both soldiers and civilians affected by war. The resources used to cater for humanitarian aid are obtained from the member countries and other good wishers in the World. The special military branch of the UN also offers protection to those providing humanitarian aid to the victims. If not for the Second World War UN couldnt have been formed. Formation of the World Bank After the Second World War most countries were left struggling economically. These countries had limited workforce since most of their civilians had been killed or injured during the war. Further, the industries in most of these countries had been destroyed. In short, economically these countries were at their knees. An urgent solution was needed to bring the economy of these countries back to their feet. To achieve this, these countries required funds and capital to do so. Countries which had capital surplus came up together and pooled their resources in one common pool. From this common pool, countries largely affected by the war had to borrow from this pool to rebuild their economies. The common pool of resources is what was referred to as the World Bank. To date, the World Bank offers loans to countries which are in need of financial aid. Most of the aid is channeled towards development. The World Bank has also helped countries like Greece to recover from the recession. Formation of the Common Wealth After the Second World War, the United Kingdom saw the need of having a strong force to back it up in times of need. To achieve this, the country decided to bring all its protectorates together. Hence the Commonwealth is composed of countries which were colonized by the UK including the US. These countries are brought together with common agendas amongst themselves. The main agenda of the Commonwealth is to empower all its member states economically. Secondly, the Commonwealth comes handy to assist member countries which are experiencing an economic or political crisis. This explains why commonwealth is at the forefront in ensuring peaceful power transition in its member states. Creation of Trade Agreements and Economic Relations When it comes to trade agreements and relations, this topic should be approached with a lot of caution. This is the main reason which has created friendship and enemity between major players of the Second World War. Lets start with the trade relations between China and Japan. Since the Second World War, the relations between Japan and China have never been fully mended. To date, these two countries are experiencing some enemity between themselves. This has also affected the relationships between citizens of both countries. On the other side due to the Second World War relations between some countries were strengthened. A good example includes the relation between Japan and the US. Though these countries were fighting against each other during the war, after the war they became a great friend regarding foreign affairs and trade too. After the war, US took over control of Japan to disarm the country. However, this did not affect the relations between Japan and the US are currently in a strategic meeting on how to prevent the increasing threat posed by North Korea to the World security and Peace. Also economically US and Japan are major trade partners (Peter 1996). NB After the Second World War, most of the countries in the World reached an agreement that at no time in the World will atomic weapons be used again in war. This was based on the destruction witnessed at Nagasaki and Hiroshima. To date, no atomic weapons have been used again in war though Iran and North Korea are posing a threat to this. Conclusion From the above, one gets to see that the current position of the World has been largely influenced by events after the Second World War. If not for the limited number of pages I would have given more examples. References Stuart, D. The Soviet Japanese War of 1939. The Diplomat (2012). Charles, F. The Defeating of Japan. Palgrave Macmillan Press (2012). Antony, P. The Second World War in the Making. New York: Routledge Press (1994). Peter, L. Does Conquest Pay? Effects After the Second World War. Princeton: Princeton Press. (1996). Karen, A. United Nations Activities in the 21St Century. Westview Press (2007). ISBN 978-0-8133-4346-4.

U.s. Government s Impact On The United States - 877 Words

The U.S. has suffered from many Natural Disasters from Hurricane Katrina to wildfires in California. When it comes too natural disasters Hurricanes are by far one of the most devastating. The results can be catastrophic, possibly leaving the death tolls in thousands and leaving millions homeless. Even though the U.S. has responded to and recovered from Hurricanes, Meteorologists are presently not able to predict them early enough, and the U.S. government is unprepared financially, and responsively. Being well prepared for a hurricane is critical to saving peoples lives and their well-being. The government needs to do more not for just hurricanes but any disaster. When it comes to predicting a Hurricane obviously the earlier it’s predicted the better the outcome will be, it will give the government and citizens more time to prepare and evacuate city’s or even a state if necessary. â€Å"Once a hurricane has formed, it can be tracked. Scientists can usually predict its path for 3-5 days in advance† (Samsot). Giving a city to a state possibly only 3 days to evacuate is not long enough for everyone to pack up as many belongings as they can and leave the area. If meteorologists are able to predict when a hurricane is going to form and project the path the time to prepare will increase significantly. What the McDonald 2 government needs to do is help Meteorologists be able to predict Hurricanes earlier by helping them get more resources and giving them a good fund to help themShow MoreRelatedU.s. Government s Impact On The United States2065 Words   |  9 PagesThe U.S. made many daring decisions at the end of the 19th century. These gambles the U.S. made helped to guide the country to the path of greatness. At that time, the U.S. was looking to expand economically and improve its grip on the world. 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Elaine Cumming and Warren Earl Henrys Disengagement Theory free essay sample

Older people will withdraw from social contact with others * Disengage because of reduced physical health and loss of social activities * Cummings (1975) argued that older people would experience a reduction in social contact as they grow older and becoming increasingly ‘individual’ * ‘disengaging is a natural part of aging’ *   Everyone expects death, and ones abilities will likely deteriorate over time. As a result, every person will lose ties to others in his or her society. aging  is an inevitable, mutual withdrawal or disengagement, resulting in decreased interaction between theaging  person and others in the social system he belongs to. Embardos disagreement.. * Said theory was discredited for many reasons * Argues that majority of older people remain socially involved with family and friends * Maybe choose to spend more time with people they are close to rather than seeking new friends * Current data from the office for national statistics supports the view that a majority of older people enjoy social networks * if people only interact with close friends does this mean they are disengaged? * Argued that older people need to disengage but * They need to remain ‘active’ in order to stop disengagement going too far * Argues that society should provide older people with activities * Society should provide them with education of how to make use of the activities * It is very important for older adults to remain mentally active and maintain an interest in life and enjoy the company of others * The theory assumes that a positive relationship between activity and  life satisfaction| M2 – case study 1 Alan is a 76 year old man who has recently lost his wife. He is completely disengaged. He does not try to socialise as he is still grieving from the loss of his wife and can’t seem to pull himself around. Firstly the social disengagement theory will affect Alan’s social development; he is disengaging himself from any social activities or communications as he is grieving. This will have a negative effect on his social and emotional development as he is not talking to people to help him feel better or to get things ‘off his chest’, keeping it all locked away. This will have a negative effect and will make him a lot worse. It may also have a negative effect on his physical or physiological development as he may be susceptible to depression. This may lead to physical harm. The argument against this theory will however have a positive effect on Alan as he will be socialising with other people, helping tae his mind off the loss of his wife. He will also be engaging in social activities keeping his mind active positively effecting his intellectual development, and again taking his mind off his loss. The argument to this theory would also have a positive effect on his physical development as he will be getting around more when joining in activities. Lastly joining these activities will reflect on Alan’s emotional development and maybe help him to cope with his loss more as he is not constantly grieving over it. Bromleys activity theory would have a positive effect on Alan’s, physical, intellectual, social and emotional development. As the theory states, older people should be provided with activities and educated on these topics, this will help Alan’s intellectual development as his mind is still active, as he is gaining knowledge about the activities given and his brain will be engaging in the activities keeping it active also. This will also have a positive effect on Alan’s physical development as he will be taking part in the activities, enabling him to get around and be more fit and active. His social development will be effected greatly also as he will be constantly communicating with a lot of different people. Lastly his emotional development will be effected as he may cope with his loss a bit more successfully, and he may also discover a hobby he has taken a liking to. Case study 2 Geena is 86 years old and struggles to move around a lot. She is very upset that her mobility isn’t as strong as it used to be, and gets emotional at times when she tries to do something independently and cannot. Although she is independent she does not like being alone. As Geena is a very independent woman, the social disengagement theory has a negative effect on her physical development as it states, she is disengaged because her restricted mobility to get around. Not only does this affect her social development, but her physical too as she is straining herself to complete tasks that are difficult for her. This also has a negative effect on her emotional development as it upsets her that she cannot complete daily things she feels she needs to do. This does not affect her intellectual development. The disagreement to this theory would not affect Geena a lot as she is not disengaged. However it would affect her intellectual development positively if she joined a social networking site, as this would build up her knowledge of technology, effecting her social life also as she may get in touch with some old friends. This will not affect her emotional or physical development. Bromleys activity theory may affect Geena’s emotional development negatively as she has restricted mobility and would not be able to join any physical activities without becoming distressed and upset. However, if she joined activities such as bingo this would positively affect her social development as she would get out more an interact with a variety of different people, it would positively affect her emotionally as she will be able to complete activities without having to move or becoming distressed and upset about it. Lastly it will positively affect her intellectually as it will be keeping her mind active while she is concentrating on her activities.

Television Sitcoms Influence on the American Dream Essay Example

Television Sitcoms Influence on the American Dream Paper Ever since the event of television itself the theme of the American dream has been interwoven into our sitcoms reinforcing a lifestyle of individual liberty, wealth and successful relationships. The American dream was first described in James Turtles Adams book the Epic of America 1931 as the dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement. Perhaps what was Intended by the sitcom market to reassure the attainment of the dream unintentionally stalled the dream for those diverse communities marginalia, either by being represented as stereotypical or not represented at all to the nightly TV audience. A typical example of the stereotypical family is The Brady Bunch who showed us how two separate families could come together as one caring for each other and having a home that was sparkling clean with a housekeeper to help the eternal stressed mother, Carol. Mike, the father, came home after a long day to a three course meal with his beaming wife and children gathered around the table. Was this what Americans perceived as normal? Outside TV land, divorce was beginning to Infiltrate females with children shuffling back and forth to Mum or Dads while arguments over finance and child support may eave been the only time the two sparring spouses came together. Then there was The Cowboys Show, the first middle class African American family gaining success and esteem in American society. Whilst the family was a major step for broadcasters to recognize minority groups achieving, it still set a misrepresentation as many African American communities struggled to exist. Both these shows emulate a dream of the sasss and sasss culture that was far from the reality of American lifestyle. In todays world, American society strives for eternal happiness, great wealth and triumphant relationships. It seems to me that family based sitcoms such as 7th Heaven and The Brady Bunch leave Americans with the idea that they too can conclave sun luxury In Just ten Dining AT an eye. We will write a custom essay sample on Television Sitcoms Influence on the American Dream specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Television Sitcoms Influence on the American Dream specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Television Sitcoms Influence on the American Dream specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer 7th Heaven reinforces Christian family values without recognizing the struggle and conflict that goes along with raising a family on a shoestring budget. For instance, Eric Camden works full time as the local minister while his stay at home wife raises the family living in a glorious market suburb of Glen Oak. Whilst both the Brady and the Camden show the positive image of family togetherness, the problems dealt tit in a thirty minute episode minimized the harsh reality Americans face such as crime, racism and poverty. Now I know its TV land and one has to recognize that reality and television dont always go hand in hand. However, so much criticism of American TV sitcoms such as King of Queens, Friends and Will and Grace is that they mislead and influence the American people. Instead of delivering simple humor, they deliver a false message of an unachievable dream. Do the shows reflect society or does society try to reflect the shows? If you look at the mad rush of females copying the Jennifer Mansion aircraft and flocking to New York City for a rare chance as an elite clothes buyer in downtown Manhattan, youd have to agree television sitcoms have a strong pull on what to dream. Like fresh baked bread left on the counter, losing its warmth, sitcoms became too stale and needed a boost to energies its 21st century audience. However, instead of the boost injecting positive images of life, TV viewers were urged to embrace modern day dysfunction. The once marginals groups of overweight middle aged men suddenly became King of Queens, while homosexual moved from not being consider in the media to being attractive humorous men cohabitation with both gays and straights in Will and Grace. Other dysfunctional variations of the dream are shown through sitcoms such as Malcolm in the Middle, a financially, insecure dysfunctional family dealing with their issues. Although this may come across as more realistic, I assure you its not. Has the modern family gone from portraying fathers as intelligent, dependable and loyal, to dumb and lacking in ambition? Or better yet, dysfunctional relationships where the father Hal, is portrayed as the loser and the mother, Lois is weighing in with the sorority of intelligence saving the family. Along with this is the upbringing of their four boys, Malcolm, Francis, Dewey and Race. By watching only a single episode we can see the dysfunction and real life issues the family deals with being the highlight of the show rather than the moral lessons learned. Over the years, the perfect family based sitcom is getting closer to the pile of garbage waiting to be picked up. Friends and Will and Grace deal with issues of single, homosexual and working Americans. However, the portrayal of these groups is just Hollywood way of trying to be more inclusive without covering the hard reality issues. Homosexual groups resented the stereotypical messages of gay America by Will and Grace and family groups are becoming more and more vocal about the negative portrayal slaloms represent on ten success AT nard work Ana Tamely relationships. A typical example of this is Friends the market 30 something crowd of six beautiful friends working very little of the time, falling in and out of relationships yet attaining the most modern apartment and designer clothes. In fact Rachel who works very little of the time gets to fly off to Paris for her dream Job with no sighing of the baby she had as a single mother a few episodes previously. Overall the message now is its K to be sarcastic, cynical and dumb, rather than reach for the best. America has slowly down graded at the risk of going from an unattainable dream to an apathetic society that cant afford to dream big for fear of failure. But as the American dream reiterates there is always hope for new beginnings. Maybe the solution is simpler than we think. We should move off our couches, turn off the TV and embrace our own dream. Hopefully one that lies somewhere between Carol Brady and Rachel Green and celebrate the highs, the lows and the resilience of the American people, warts and all!

Save the Rainforests essays

Save the Rainforests essays The destruction of the rainforests is one of the most crucial environmental issues of our time. It is also one of the most misunderstood and neglected. There has been so much propaganda and publicity attached to this crisis that Save the Rainforests is becoming almost as cliche as Save the Whales. Why dont we take this problem more seriously? Is it because we, as Americans, simply dont understand the devastating, long-terms consequences that continued deforestation of the rainforests would have? Is it because our own government is involved in the deforestation, either directly or by financing its development? Or is it because we live in a society of excessive consumption, oblivious to the problems that dont directly affect us in some tangible way? The facts are out there, and the results of continued deforestation of tropical rainforests are very real and becoming more evident everyday. It is a tremendous global concern, one that we can only resolve by popping our protective bubble of ignorance and taking action. Rainforests are the Earths oldest living ecosystems. They cover only about 6% of the Earths land mass, yet they are home to more than half the plant and animal species in the world (de Blig, Muller, 228). A typical four square patch of rainforest contains as many as 1500 species of flowering plants, 750 species of trees, 125 mammal species, 400 species of birds, 100 of reptiles, 60 of amphibians, and 150 different types of butterflies (National Academy of Sciences, 1997). In the Amazon Basin, 18,000 square miles of rainforest is lost per year due to logging, mining, oil drilling, and clearing large tracts of land for cattle ranches and highways. There are dozens of beneficial reasons for protecting this land from deforestation, but I will touch on a two that I feel are particularly critical. Medicine The abundant botanical resources of tropical rainf...

Intelligence Support to Operation Anaconda Research Paper

Intelligence Support to Operation Anaconda - Research Paper Example These were remnants of earlier offensives by the US about three months earlier who were seen gathering around this valley. The battle spanned the period between 2nd march to 17th March 2002 and it included the combined forces of the US military, Canadian forces, New Zealand, friendly Afghan soldiers, Danish, Germany, Norway, as well as the Australian military forces against the Taliban and the al-Qaeda forces. The US forces, under the command of General Franklin Hagenbeck, managed to get out of this battle as winners after managing to drive the enemy out of the valley with heavy death tolls to measure up their success. The win was however not a smooth sail as can be suggested from the fact that though the war was planned to end after three days, it took seven days to conquer the Taliban and al-Qaeda opposing forces. The US had to exercise heavy combat against their enemies to force them into admitting defeat- a development that was never expected. At the same time, the US suffered a total of 80 casualties where 8 died while the other 72 were wounded to differing degrees. The following essay will undertake to assess both the right and the improvement seeking steps that were taken by the intelligence supporting Operation Anaconda. The US forces did not have sufficient knowledge of neither the number of the opposing Taliban and al-Qaeda forces nor their weaponry. This meant that the US forces planning the assault failed to include the accurate information in their plan- a move that rendered their making wrong moves during the execution of the offensive. Most of the information that was relayed to the US forces was through overheard reconnaissance, human intelligence as well as communications captures that never offered the accurate information, resulting into misleading perceptions. The number of the opposing Taliban and al-Qaeda forces, for example, actually amounted to approximately between 700-1000 men. From the

Retail Marketing Bachelor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Retail Marketing Bachelor - Essay Example Other important applications include informing the details of the company to the sales personnel, suppliers and others so that they become aware of company's goals and achievements. Let's look at the essential elements of marketing plan for a computer-centralize system for a group of hotels. High fields Hotels comprises a group of five hotels based in Southampton and concentrates more on weeknight business clienteles. Employing proper technological applications for appropriate work solves many problems. High fields Hotels uses outdated technological applications that create more problems than solutions. High fields Hotels use standalone PCs to meet the requirements like billing, checking in and checking out of the customers etc. Using PCs is not the problem; the problem arises due to non-availability of network systems in the five hotels. They don't have any central reservation systems that can keep them updated about the different activities of the hotels all the time. Most of the work is done manually at these five hotels. All the five hotel general managers are answerable to group managing director (MD). The hotel general mangers prepare a report by extracting the required data from various systems of the hotels and create management reports using a word processing application. This report is submitted to the group-managing director that would be analysed to make any changes in the daily activities of the hotels. FEASIBILITY STUDY Feasibility study is an important phase in the software development process. It enables the developer to have an assessment of the product being developed. It refers to the feasibility study of the product in terms of outcomes of the product, operational use and technical support required for implementing it. Feasibility study should be performed on the basis of various criteria and parameters. The various feasibility studies are: Economic Feasibility Operational Feasibility Technical Feasibility Economic Feasibility: It refers to the benefits or outcomes. We are deriving from the product as compared to the total cost we are spending for developing the product. If the benefits are more or less the same as the older system, then it is not feasible to develop the product. In the present system, the development of the new product greatly enhance the accuracy of the system and cuts short the delay in the processing of Birth and Death application. The errors can be greatly reduced and at the same time providing great level of security. Hence, we do not need any additional equipment except memory of required capacity. No need of spending money on client for maintenance because the database used is web enabled database. Operational Feasibility: It refers to the feasibility of the product to be operational. Some products may work very well at design and implementation but may fall in the real time environment. It includes the study of additional human resources required and their technical expertise. Technical Feasibility: It refers to whether the software that is available in the market fully supports the present application. It studies the pros and cons of using particular software for the

A Family for Christmas by Linda Finlay

A Family for Christmas by Linda Finlay Summary: As a matter of fact, the author of this story entitled A Family for Christmas is written by Linda Finlay. In addition, the events take place in London in different places such as Mole Valley Mine and Buckland Manor as well as Somerset and Barnstaple. Moreover, the main characters in the story are represented in: Eliza who is the main one and a young girl whose age is fifteen. She lives with her family consisted of two brothers, her father and pregnant mother while her two sisters live in a different place where they work. They are called Izzie and Hester. Another basic character is Fay who is a kind old woman that takes care of Eliza after escaping from her house. Duncan the Druid is also another character. He is very kind to Eliza and he treats her with tenderness as well as always taking care of her. Two more characters are Rose and Ben, a married couple who have a baby named Joshua. Then, there is Grandmother Evangalina who is Roses mother. She represents the stereotype of the gra nd motherhood as she comes to her daughters marital house to see her grandson and looks after him. Regarding the events of the story, it talks about the young poor Eliza who feels rejected at her own house. Her mother is pregnant and tired because of the house work and her two brothers while her father is upset because his job at the mine where he works is going to be finished as there is no more copper. One night, he argues with Elizas mother and says something that makes Eliza decide to run away from the house. He believes that his daughter is useless and ugly because of her twisted foot and she will not be able to get married. After leaving the house, Eliza goes to her sister Izzie. However, Izzie tells her that she does not have the ability to let Eliza stay with her because she needs the job and she will be kicked out. So, Eliza leaves her sister and keeps moving in the snowy cold weather till she faints. When she wakes up, she finds herself in a warm bed surrounded by an old w oman and a giant man. She knows that their names are Fay and Druncan. They help her to recover from the fever she had. Both of them also treat her in a very good way and they offer her food and clothes. However, Fays best pigeon pet named Wooden dies leaving her sad and lonely. Therefore, Duncan asks Eliza to go back and help their neighbors Ben and Rose with their little baby Joshua. So, she goes and helps them in preparing for the festive named Wassail at the twelfth night of the month. Eliza spends there a great time and also dances with Duncan. She likes him so much and she feels close to him. Eliza stays at Bens till the arrival of Roses mother Evangalina. Thats when she goes back to stay with Fay. There, she learns how to prepare perfumes and potions as well as medicines since she used to collect flowers before running out of the house. After that, Fay sends her to get well education and training about perfumery in Follytown with the assistance of Mr. Charles Farrant and Madam e Simmons. Aty the factory there, Eliza is responsible for polishing the floor in addition to keeping the equipment clean. Then she must read all the notes prepared by Mr. Farrant in order to learn more about theories so that she could be able to prepare perfumes. After receiving her training, Mr. Cary who is a father of James, Elizas friend and colleague at the factory, takes her to work in his shop. At the shop, she starts selling perfumes and dealing with different customers. One day while she was at the shop, she finds the two owners named Nan and Grandfa Sam talking to someone. When she looks at this familiar body, she figures out that he is her father. He comes to tell her that her mother and one of her siblings died, so he wants Eliza to take her younger brother Luke so that she could take care of him. At the end of the story, Eliza finds herself surrounded by people whom she loves and without whom she cannot imagine her life. On Christmas night, she has dinner with her broth er Luke, James with whom she falls in love, Grandfa Sam and Nan. She finally feels happy as she gets herself a new family who respect and adore her. She also feels that life is getting better and better in order to make up for her. Analysis: According to my point of view, the best part in the story is when Fay and Duncan the Druid gives Eliza presents because of her birthday. Fays present is amazing as she offers Eliza a painting. When Eliza looks at it, she finds a beautiful woman and when she asks Fay about such woman, Fay replies that she drew her. Eliza becomes very happy but she gets even happier when Duncan gives her the box she lost in snow after leaving her house. Such box is very close to Elizas heart because her grandfather made it for her and she keeps everything she likes in it. So, when Duncan finds it and shows it to her, she is excited and thrilled. She thanks him and kisses him on his cheek. She loves him so much because he is kind and pure-hearted towards her. He also protects her when an old man comes to Fays house to take her in order to work with him as a maid. Duncan stops him and tells him that Eliza is a guest and she cannot work. Therefore, it seems that he treats her like a lady; something that s he was not used to when she was living with her family. Another part of the story which I liked is when James gives Eliza the new pairs of shoe that make her walk well. When she puts them on, she feels very happy as she finally can be able to walk properly like any other person. James tells her that these shoes were the new business of his father as James explains to him Elizas medical condition. Therefore, Mr. Carl designs them and then James gives them back to Eliza. After seeing Eliza wearing them, James is so delighted and tells her that she now can be treated as a princess because she deserves that. Thats why she likes and loves James because he is handsome and very tender with her. He also treats her like she is something important to him and that she deserves such respect from people. As a result, they both become together at the end of the story while having Christmas dinner with Nan, Luke and Grandfa Sam. The worst part of the story is when Eliza decides to leave her sister and does not have any idea where to go. She is lost, lonely, cold and hungry. She walks a lot of miles in the snow and bad weather. She is weak and thin and she cannot find any shelter till she faints. This is very difficult and very hard for such young girl to go through as the cruel words said by her father forced her to prove to escape in order to prove to herself that she is not useless. Thats what she manages to show at the end after succeeding in the training of perfumery as well as working in the shop. Finally, Duncan the Druid and Fay find her and take her to the old womans house so that she can rest and receive recovery from the fever. At the house, she is well treated as Fay gives her broth and food to eat well in order to get better. Duncan also respects her and deals with her with appreciation and honesty. In addition, Fay tells her that she is a beautiful lady and that she must not believe what her fat her told her because he could get angry sometimes and then becomes calm. Thats why Eliza loves both of them so much. On the other side, I learned from the book a lot of things. One of these things is the new words used by the author as she succeeds in describing the events perfectly through using a lot of vocabularies. Some of these words are: druid, moore, grin, blush, distilled and others. From the ideas discussed in this story are methods of education done by parents. For example, we can compare between the education received by Eliza from her father and the one she received by Fay and Duncan or by Grandfa Sam and Nan or even Ben and Rose. While she is at her house, her father always treats her like nothing and hates her existence because he feels that she is useless and thats why she escapes to find a better life. On the other side, other characters give her food, medications and clothes in order to make her look better and walk better as well as not making her feel that she is a disabled or that she is dependent on others. By receiving this good treatment, Eliza starts to feel that finally lif e begins to smile at her. As for what the author tries to teach us, she wants to tell the readers who are attracted to her story that they must treat others well and that they must show them respect and good manners. Because when we are kind and truly appreciate others, they will love us and teat us back with honor. Furthermore, we have to prove to people whom we love our feelings towards them through giving them gifts and presents. Besides, parents have to deal with their children well, listen to their complaints and not be afraid to show what they truly feel towards them. Finally, it seems that Linda wants to indicate in the story A Family for Christmas that we will reap what we sow. In other words when we exert our best efforts and when we dedicate our time at work in order to earn money, God compensates us for all the struggle we had to face and rewards us for our good work. In my opinion, I believe that the best character is Duncan as he is so sweet with Eliza and finds her the box made by her grandfather where she keeps all her favorite things. He also believes that she is kind and beautiful and that she is not useless or a loser. On the contrary, he thinks that she must take care of herself and gets dressed well to show to herself that she deserves to be happy and treated like a lady. So, it seems that Duncan is truly a gentleman who knows how to deal ladies well and how to show them respect. Finally, this book and the plot in it is different comparing to other books. In such story, Linda perfectly manages to grab the attention of readers as well as sharing thoughts with them. She also tries to discuss alt of ideas to see their reactions. She also depicts the characters perfectly using a lot of new words and voices so that readers will not feel bored. She also was able to talk about every single topic on which she wanted to focus in order to prove her excellence and ability to write stories that any other author is not willing to or does not have the audacity to write. Thats why this story is considered as one of the best stories any one could read. Recommendations: The story written by Linda Fay is truly an amazing one and I would definitely recommend it to all my friends and family members. When I read this book, I become really excited and fascinated about the main character Eliza and how a poor young girl like her has to deal with all these problems in order to have a good life. After deciding to leave her house in which she was brought up, she does not know where to go. If Fay and Duncan did not find her, she would die or live in streets with no shelter or food. In spite of the fact that the story could be long to many people, I really enjoy it as it is full of different incidents that attract my attention especially when Elizas father comes to see her after this long time or when Eliza has dinner with her new family at the end or even when James gives her the new shoes to enable her to walk well without feeling disabled or useless. On the other hand, the story is good for both adults and young kids because its themes represented in love, r espect, family and poverty are suitable for any age. Thats why parents can read it for their children or they can read it by themselves. Moreover, Linda is one of the greatest authors as she tries to do whatever it takes in order to prove her success and increase her fame around the world. Thats why the New York Times calls this story the years best book since it is full of fiction, adventure, emotions and romance. Linda also focuses on the important ties and bonds between the members of family and how these bonds can have an impact on the members. Throughout the whole story, Eliza tries to find herself a new family with whom she can live in peace and serenity and with whom she can feel secured and safe. Thats what obliges her to escape to get a new life away from poverty and cruelty. At the end, Linda puts a happy ending to her story in order to make her readers satisfied about what they read and to make them enjoy reading more and more of her books.

Bad Tires Create Safety Problems :: essays papers

Bad Tires Create Safety Problems Bad Tires Create Safety Problem for the Public Firestone produced a line of tires that have been responsible for deaths and injuries throughout the United States. The faulty tires are known to experience tread separation, which causes the tire to blow out. Evan though there is an ongoing recall, the number of accidents continues to rise. Since the recalled tires are most commonly found on Ford vehicles, there is an attempt to draw Ford into the blame. The problem at hand is that there are faulty tires on the roadways, and innocent people are dying. The Firestone tire recall is perhaps the most deadly auto safety crisis in American History. As of September 20, 2000 the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration reported 103 deaths due to crashes. Also they included more than 400 injuries, and 2,226 complaints from consumers. Most of the fatalities are linked to accidents caused when 15-inch ATX and Wilderness tires mounted on Ford Explorers experienced tread separation, usually in hot weather. Bridgestone/Firestone Inc. has recalled 6.5 million of those tires, and the NHTSA has issued a consumer advisory covering an additional 1.4 million Firestone tires. On August 9 of this year, Firestone, owned by Japan’s Bridgestone Corporation, began recalling 6.5 million tires made up of a certain 15-inch models of its ATX and Wilderness AT tires in response to a federal probe that began in May. The majority of the recalled tires were fitted over a decade to Ford motor company’s best selling sport utility vehicle, the Explorer. Firestone claims that the unique design of the 235/75R15 Wilderness AT tire, in combination with variations in the manufacturing process at its Deatur, Illinois, plant may have produced some of the problems. At the Senate hearing, Ford and Firestone again blamed each other for the problem, which has strained an automotive partnership that goes back 100 years. A Reuters Zogby poll released last week showed that three out of five people surveyed in the United States blamed Firestone for the controversy, while only one in fifteen blamed Ford. Ford President Jaques Nasser said, â€Å" Every time Ford went to Firestone with problems that foreign customers reported, the tiremaker insisted there were no tire defects either overseas or in the United States.

Mcdonald’s Business Strategy

A Comprehensive Business Plan developed by McDonald Management, Inc. 11410 N. E. 124th Street #223 Kirkland, Washington 98034 USA O: 425-822-3106 C: 206-257-9839 [email  protected] com Table of Contents Page 3 Page 5 Page 6 Page 9 Page 11 Page 12 Page 16 Page 18 Page 21 Executive Summary Our Business Plan The Market Defined World View Pilot Program (Ethiopia) Projected Market Share Market Strategy Promotion Competition The Bottled Water Industry Product Development – Four Keys Norit Ultra-Filtration System (Perfector – E) Solar Powered Modules Prototype configuration and assemblyThe Patented 20-liter Tamper-proof Bottle Organizational Development USAgua Partnership Program US Home Office East Africa Central Assembly Distribution (Operators to Owners) Mile Stones Financial Statements Sales Projections Personnel Budgets Cash Flow Projections Income Statements – Projected Expense Statements – Projected 2 Executive Summary W e are now in a position to profit ably enter into the lucrative and expanding worldwide market for pure, clean, safe drinking water. We have developed and will introduce to the world, the concept of small community commercial water purification systems. Also you can read  Business Ethics ComprisesWe call our systems ‘USAguaâ„ ¢ Pure Water Kiosks’. Each of our Kiosks is capable of taking in 8,000 liters of dangerously polluted raw water every day and, through the technologically phenomenal process of ultra-filtration, they process that unhealthy water into safe, clean, purified drinking water. Our systems are containerized, modular, solar powered and ultra-filtered — they function completely ‘off-the-grid’. Our markets are the vibrant, sophisticated, newly emerging middle-classes of the developing world. These middle-class niches represent over one billion people and their numbers are growing daily.These people realize the importance of safe drinking water for themselves and their families but, at the same time, they know that their governments are incapable of providing this most basic need. What is important to our program is that these middle class families are financially capable of paying fo r our water. The proof is the fact that they now consume literally tens of millions of gallons of bottled water every year. Our competition is the bottled water industry and, very soon, we will have a substantial piece of that market.The product we sell is clean, pure, safe drinking water. How we produce, market and sell our product is through our USAgua Pure Water Kiosks Program. Our Kiosks are a melding of two wonderful technologies just now coming into their own. The first is called ‘ultra-filtration’. Picture a bundle of spaghetti sized perforated tubes through which polluted water is pumped under pressure. The perforations are so small that they block viruses, bacteria and parasites down to a ‘Log 2-4’ EPA rating. This means that the water we sell is 99. 99% pure or better when it leaves our system.And, because the filters require only ‘back-flushing’ instead of costly filter replacements, the long-term costs are minimized. The second basi c technology we have employed is Solar Power. Our Kiosks, including all the necessary pumps, batteries, electronics and lighting requirements run perfectly using a Solar Power package designed specifically for our needs. The initial costs of the solar option are steep, but the long term reliability, the fact that we don’t depend on any outside sources of energy and the nearly-maintenance-free specifications we have developed, make them a perfect fit in developing countries. Our ultra filtration systems and our solar power systems have been rigorously field tested by their manufacturers. Our own design engineers have melded the two technologies together, combined them with our storage tanks and lab gear and integrated them seamlessly into our retail USAgua Kiosks. After a final prototype development program, our manufacturers will ship their modules to our USAgua Central Assembly Plants in our target markets. We will use local technicians to retrofit universally available frei ght containers and perform final installation and assembly.Once our Kiosks are complete, they will be delivered to our ‘Operators’ in the field. Our Management Team will locate, recruit and train local ‘Operators’ in our various ‘Target Markets’. In time, our Operators will be given the opportunity to own their own USAgua Kiosk, thus allowing us to tap the entrepreneurial energy and spirit that can be found within individuals in every corner of the world. Our USAgua Operator program will ensure our market position and stability through world-wide name branding, equipment standardization, standardized maintenance routines and universally accepted accounting procedures.With the help of some very smart engineers we have developed the concept of our USAgua Pure Water Kiosks. At the same time, we have put together a business model that takes the best of the American business concepts we are so proud of and we, very carefully, introduce them into the potentially lucrative new middle-class markets of the developing world. Our ‘financial package’ is strong. Our assumptions and our projections are conservative, our research is up to date and our key players are heavy on both education and real world experience. We are ready to take the next giant step forward.To that end, we are asking to secure a US $2,200,000 Investment package so that we can bring our USAgua International Program to fruition. Please, feel free to call me anytime for more information or clarifications. Sincerely, Timothy McDonald 4 Our Business Plan The World Wide Market Defined: Of the 6 billion people in the world today, over 3 billion1 live either totally ‘off-the-grid’ or in communities not serviced by safe, dependable water systems. Families within this demographic, no matter their economic level, are left vulnerable to water borne diseases including viruses, parasites and bacteria.The negative social and economic repercussions of not having access to safe, clean drinking water are immense. Some United Nations reports have gone so far as to predict that safe drinking water will be as economically significant as oil within the next decade2. We intend to be a big player in solving the drinking water problem. We have designed both our USAgua Water Purification System and our Business Model to be universally adaptable. Our equipment and our business model will function beautifully in the suburbs of Nairobi, along the Yangtze River in China and in the mountains of northern India.Anywhere there is both a source of water (no matter how polluted) and an open view of the sun, our USAgua water purification systems will work. Anywhere there are energetic and entrepreneurial individuals who aspire to a better life for their families, our USAgua Operator network will prosper. At the ‘Macro’ scale, our market is unlimited. Good business practices, however, dictate that we start small and grow carefully. We wil l introduce our program to a small, representative market we are familiar with. One that can be easily documented and controlled.In our ‘Pilot Market’ we will learn a great deal from both our successes and our mistakes. Once we have field proven both our equipment and our business model, we will enter additional markets with much greater knowledge and enthusiasm. _________________________________ It is very important to understand that we are in competition with the ‘Bottled Water Industry’ in all aspects of our program. The statistics and the markets for bottled water, world wide, are the statistics and markets relevant to USAguaâ„ ¢. _______________________________________ 1 2 United Nations Development Program Report – August 2008United Nations Development Program Report – August 2008 5 Our Ethiopian Pilot Program and Our Share of the Market For several reasons, including a thirty year professional involvement in East Africa, we have cho sen the country of Ethiopia to establish our ‘Pilot Program’. The Ethiopian Market Defined: Population (millions) 2007 Population growth (annual %) Life expectancy at birth (years) Literacy rate GNI (US $ billions) GNI per capita (US $ ) 78. 6 2. 6 55. 0 38. 5 19. 4 220. 0 The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) acquired these statistics: Health of population using improved drinking-water sources, 2006, total 42 (cut and paste from the UNICEF 2008 Report) These UNICEF statistics show us that there is a large segment of the Ethiopian population that understands the need for safe water. The definition of ‘improved drinking-water sources’, however, does not address the quality of the water. It only documents the fact that the water has been drawn from a centralized source and is conveyed to the end user via an established distribution network; either municipal water systems, tanker trucks or bottled water.The water may or may not be processed. It ma y or may not be safe. The quality of both the tap water and the bottled water in Ethiopia is suspect due to poor infrastructure maintenance and a lack of Health Department regulation enforcement. 3 3 UNICEF Annual Report – 2006 6 The Ethiopian Central Statistical Agency (CSA) estimates that currently 4. 18% of the households, nationwide, have access to community water systems and taps within their homes. Ethiopia Total 2004 2. 2 2006 2. 7 2008 3. 3 Current 4. 18 (cut and paste from the 2008 CSA Report)This means the vast majority of people considered to have access to ‘improved drinking water sources’ are using tanker truck delivery (very dangerous) or bottled water. (78. 6 million X 42%) – 4. 18% ) = 31. 4 million people drink non-tap water. ) The CSA also publishes a quarterly retail price listing for nearly every commodity found in Ethiopia. In 2008 the average cost per liter of bottled water was 6 birr. (Ethiopian currency) BEVERAGES – NON ALCOH OLIC Ambo Mineral Water†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 500cc 3. 00 3. 00 3. 00 3. 17 3. 00 3. 00 2. 50 3. 00 2. 96 2. 50 3. 00 3. 00 2. 50 2. 5 Bure Mineral Water†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 500cc – – – – – – – – – – – – – – (cut and paste from the 2008 CSA Report) ! (Or †¦ US $0. 48/liter at the current exchange rate) The CSA has not been able to estimate a total volume of bottled drinking water produced or consumed. We have been told many reasons for this lack of statistical documentation. The most plausible is the lack of government oversight and a huge black market for recycling local water in used plastic bottles. This is a very dangerous practice and one the central government has taken action to stop. 4 A few assumptions:W e are going to assume, in the interest of simplifying our Business Plan, that within and near the cities of Addis Ababa, Mekele, Bahra Dar, Nazerit and Awass a ( a total population of over 27 million ) there is a need for 27,000,000 liters of pure, safe drinking water every day. (27,000,000 X 365 days = nearly 10 Billion liters per year) (One liter of safe drinking water per day is the World Health Organization’s minimum requirement. ) 4 Ethiopian Health Ministry – 2008 7 Our Pilot Program Cities: 10% Purchase Vicinity of Population Addis Ababa 15,375,000 15% Purchase 20% Purchase 5% Purchase Bottled Water at US $0. 50/liter Bottled Water at US $0. 40/liter Bottled Water at US $0. 30/liter Bottled Water at US $0. 20/liter 1,537,500 2,306,250 3,075,000 3,843,750 Nazerit 3,580,000 358,000 537,000 716,000 895,000 Bahri Dar 1,790,000 179,000 266,850 355,800 447,500 Awasa 1,430,000 143,000 214,500 286,000 357,500 Mekele 4,825,000 482,500 723,750 965,000 1,206,250 27,000,000 2,700,000 4,050,000 5,400,000 6,750,000 $1,350,000 $1,620,000 $1,620,000 $1,350,000 $492,750 ,000 $591,300,000 $591,300,000 $492,750,000 Population Market Va lue Market Value Per Day Per YearOur Pilot Program Market Our Pilot Program Market focuses on five major cities in Ethiopia. We can take a very conservative but educated guess that 15% of the 27 million population is capable of purchasing 1 liter of drinking water every day for US 0. 40/liter. (about a billion and a half liters per year demand) 1,248,000 liters (62,400 20-Liter USAgua Bottles) is the annual sales figure we have projected for each of our USAgua Kiosks. Or less than one tenth of one percent (. 001%) of our Pilot Program Middle-class Market Demand. Our Kiosks are actually capable of physically producing ,920,000 liters of safe, clean drinking water annually, but for budgeting and logistical reasons as well as a conservative margin of safety, we are building our Business Model on a 1,248,000 liters/year basis or a 4,000 liters per day sales capacity, six days per week. ! The total cost to our USAgua Kiosk Program to produce, bottle and sell safe, clean drinking water is less than $0. 10 per liter The universal laws of supply and demand would tell us that we could completely dominate the ‘Bottled Drinking Water Industry’ in our Pilot Program Market.By assuring two things — Highest Quality, Lowest Price — we should expect to capture a substantial share of this huge market while at the same time realizing a very profitable return on investment very quickly. It is not difficult to imagine 40 USAgua Kiosks working profitably within Ethiopia within two years of start-up. 8 Market Strategy The Market for pure, clean, safe drinking water already exists. It is large, growing and lucrative. Our dominant piece of that worldwide market is what we will develop. Branding†¦ W e own the internet web domain and the trade marked name, USAguaâ„ ¢.We are now in the process of building a comprehensive website that will address everything from the biology of parasites, bacteria and viruses to the science of removing those contaminants from our drinking water. It will show how important safe drinking water is to individuals, societies and economies. It will differentiate our USAgua Water Purification Kiosks from our competition, the bottled water industry. Our website will play very well in East Africa. Since the election of President Obama, a new, very pro-American, attitude has emerged. America and all things American are now very popular.Our USAgua Kiosks provide safe drinking water at standards equal to or better than our American EPA standards for domestic drinking water. In East Africa, they trust our standards and want that same high quality for their families. Our Kiosks are painted in American national colors. The USA in USAgua is meant to emphasize our American roots and our American standards. When a USAgua Kiosk is delivered to an African community our customers will feel that part of America has arrived. Our USAgua 20-liter plastic bottles are designed to be used and re-used and re-used by the family to which they are assigned.The boldly branded bottles can not be refilled by anyone other than our Kiosk operator. Our branded one-liter personal bottles will be carried with pride on the streets of our communities. The name, USAgua, will be synonymous with American high quality and good health. Lower retail pricing†¦ W e know there is a large and growing demand for safe, pure drinking water. On the macro scale this is evidenced by the rise of the bottled water industry in every city and village in the world. In Ethiopia, our Pilot Program Market, we know the retail price of a liter of bottled water is US$0. 48.The laws of supply and demand dictate that as the price is lowered, the demand rises. The cost of our water, including all business related expectations, is less than US $0. 10 per liter. We will price our product to maximize both the quantity sold and the profit generated. 9 Flyers and Brochures Distributed Locally †¦. And a billboard or two Because each of our US Agua Kiosks are designed to satisfy the drinking water demand of only 400 families per day, (we are saying 10 liters per family per day) the geographic market area for each of our Kiosks is small, (by design) less than one square kilometer.Prior to our Kiosks arriving at their final destinations, a local flyer and brochure campaign will saturate the area to introduce our program. Community meetings will be held to educate members of our market and sell our products. A large colorful bill-board will be erected so that people will begin identifying our branding. 10 Competition: The Competition for our Pilot Program Market (and every other market in the developing world, for that matter) consists of a handful of legitimate Centralized Water Bottling and Distribution Companies as well as black-market water bottle recycling scams.The government is now in the process of both adopting new quality standards for all bottled water plus they are developing the means to enforce those standards. Because none of the major international bottled water producers (Danone, Nestle, and Coca-Cola) have entered the African markets, statistical documentation is lacking for total production and demand. We do know a few things, however. First is that the existing legitimate bottled water industry depends on centralized plants that are, by definition, saddled with the tremendous costs associated with transporting heir product to market. Plus, they must purchase plastic bottles that will be used only once, but then become potential competition as those same bottles are refilled on the black-market and resold. We also know that the end user of bottled water is becoming much more sophisticated. They know full well the problem with boot-legged water and in most cases have gone back to boiling local water (at a tremendous expense in fuel) rather than purchase suspect bottled water. The Bottled Water Industry is not the answer for the Developing World. 11 Product Development †¦.. some h istoryFor generations, scientists around the world have known that viruses, parasites and bacteria are present in much of the water we drink. They have also known that these tiniest of creatures are the source of the water borne diseases that have plagued humanity since Lucy stood up on her two legs and peered over the tall grasses of the African Savannah. Personal Note: McDonald was stationed in the Awash Valley of Ethiopia in 1973-75 only 20 miles from where Lucy – Australopithecus afarensisr – was discovered. On several occasions his Agricultural School and Farm hosted Lucy’s rcheologists. They appreciated the water system he had developed that pulled water from the muddy Awash River and provided them safe, pure drinking water. In the developed world, from our largest cities to our smallest villages, our technology has solved the problem of purifying our waters. In America, we long ago realized the importance of safe water to the overall health and well being of our society. It was so important to previous generations that they mandated our government to set and enforce the highest water standards in the world.Our municipal and community water systems now process and distribute a dependable flow of amazingly inexpensive water to the homes of every citizen. The success of America is due, in no small part, to the overall health of our people. And, the overall health of our people is, in no small part, due to our wonderful communal water systems. On the macro scale, the per gallon cost of water in America is very small; a penny or two a gallon at the most. The reality is, however, that a water purification plant and a distribution network are tremendously expensive to develop and operate; tens of millions of dollars.And, the technical sophistication necessary to maintain these systems is overwhelming to any but the most advanced economies. For so many reasons (economic, political, cultural, technical) there is little hope that the vast maj ority of people in the second and third worlds will ever be able to build and maintain the water systems necessary to provide safe water for their people. Even now, as a burgeoning middle class emerges, the central governments are powerless to act. The problem is just too large and the costs too high. 12 Product Development †¦. the Stars Line UpThe USAguaâ„ ¢ Pure Water Kiosk Program is†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Four Components. The product we sell is clean, pure, safe drinking water. How we produce, market and sell our product is through our USAgua Pure Water Kiosks Program. Our Kiosk Program brings together four independent but equally important physical components. Namely: Ultra-Filtration, Solar Power, Retro-fitted Freight Containers and Keyed, Tamper-proof 20-liter Bottles. 1. Ultra-Filtration†¦ This is a water filtration method developed and patented by Norit X-Flow, a member of the global Norit Companies. Norit is headquartered in theNetherlands with sales offices throughout the world including one just outside of Chicago. Ultra-filtration is easy to visualize. Picture a bundle of spaghetti sized perforated tubes through which polluted water is pumped under pressure. The perforations are so small that they block viruses, bacteria and parasites down to a ‘Log 2-4’ EPA rating. This means that the water they process is 99. 99% pure or better when it leaves their system. And, because the filters require only ‘back-flushing’ instead of costly filter replacements, the long-term costs are minimized.Norit’s filters can be used for months and then ‘back-flushed’ to remove all contaminants. The actual filters will last for years. Ultra-filtration is truly a marvelous breakthrough. One of the first applications that Norit X-Flow developed for its Ultra-filter technology was a very clever machine they call the Perfector-E Mobile Water Purification System. It was originally designed for emergency responders to be used in the aftermath of devastating natural disasters; earthquakes, floods and hurricanes. The systems are small, strong and highly mobile.They can be transported and set up in any disaster area within hours. They are totally self contained and can draw and purify water from almost any source including exposed surface waters, local lakes, rivers, ponds and irrigation systems. The Perfector-E System can provide literally thousands of gallons of pure, safe drinking water per day to a disaster area under the most extreme conditions. And, there is another very positive aspect to Norit’s system. It is not a big energy user. With some adaptations, we can actually run the systems exclusively on solar power. 13 2.The second basic technology we have employed is Solar Power. Our Kiosks, including all the necessary pumps, batteries, electronics and lighting requirements run perfectly using a Solar Power package designed specifically for our needs. Our solar energy system was designed by H-Dot Logic, a solar engineering company here in Seattle. The initial costs of the solar option are steep, but the long term reliability, the fact that we don’t depend on any outside sources of energy and the nearlymaintenance-free specifications we have developed, make them a perfect fit in developing countries. . Our Kiosks – Our Containers. We have chosen to utilize universally available, standard steal 20 foot cargo containers as the physical basis of our Kiosk system. Containers are strong and secure. They are easily transported on any flatbed truck in the world, and once they are delivered to our overseas locations, they will serve as the actual retail Kiosk facility. Our in-house engineers have designed the retro-fit of the containers to comfortably house all the various components in and around the retail shell.The solar panels, the gravel pre-filters, the external raw water storage tank, the internal finished water storage tank with the UV sterilizer, the Ultra-fil ter modules, the pumps, the battery packs, all the electronics and a water testing system are all neatly configured inside the container. In addition to designing the retrofit, our Kiosk’s will have a copy written exterior color and graphic scheme. The graphic scheme, once painted on our containers will provide a great advertising platform for our USAgua Brand. A prototype unit still needs to be assembled.USAgua Kiosk # 0001, the prototype, will be assembled in Seattle, Washington. A careful documentation video of the specifications and assembly methods will be produced. This process will take about four months to accomplish. Once the first Kiosk is ready it will be shipped from the Port of Seattle to Ethiopia. Once in Ethiopia, USAgua #0001 will be delivered to our Central Assembly & Fabrication facility. Our local Management will use it to train a team of assembly mechanics. We will then begin purchasing containers on the local market and preparing them for the arrival of o ur Filter and Solar modules.Within a four month period, we will be assembling and delivering two complete USAgua units per month. 4. The Keyed-Tamper Proof Bottle Program: One of the reasons the bottled water industry is not a good fit for the developing world is because the plastic bottles are disposable. Each new bottle, when discarded becomes a potential competitor as people refill the bottle and sell it on the black market. Our USAgua bottles are specially designed to discourage re-use by anyone but the family to which it was assigned. The bottles will have a tamper proof valve and seal that can only be refilled at USAgua Kiosks.This makes the bottles un-usable outside our network and assures our customers that the water inside our stamped and sealed bottles has not been counterfeited on the black market. Our prominent USAgua Logo on each bottle will help promote our brand where ever it is found. 14 Organizational Development Thirty years of experience working in developing coun tries has taught us many things. One of the most important is that without a very involved and powerful Management presence ‘on the ground’, no program can succeed.For the success of any project in the developing world, including ours, it is vitally important that we back-up our 21st century technology with an equally robust Management and Operations Program based on century’s old tried and true Business Practices. We call our In-Country USAgua International Management and Operations Program ‘Our Partnership Program’. It is based on five powerful strategies: 1. Recruiting the best and the brightest. Every developing country in the world has vibrant, honest, well educated, hardworking, entrepreneurs looking for an opportunity to improve themselves, their families and their communities.Our Country Director will identify and recruit these individuals. We will offer them a good basic family wage with the added incentive of merit-based pay raises. 2. In-C ountry Training for our Operators Our USAgua in-country Management Staff will train every recruit in Kiosk system functions, maintenance procedures, program hygiene, local marketing and program bookkeeping. Trainees will work with seasoned Operators during a six month apprenticeship program. If they prove themselves capable, they will be offered a position as an Operator or Operator’s Helper for one of our USAgua Kiosks. . In-Country Operations Management. We will have one Project Manager for every 10 USAgua Kiosk Operators. These Project Managers will visit each Kiosk Operator every month to make sure that the extremely high USAgua standards are being met and maintained. The PM’s are also in charge of auditing and banking functions. There will be zero tolerance for bookkeeping errors. In addition to our Project Managers, we have a Maintenance & Repair team that routinely visits each Kiosk making sure that no small maintenance problem becomes a big repair problem due t o lack of Operator vigilance. 4.Advertising and Marketing Support Each Kiosk comes with an introductory advertising budget for local marketing. We will saturate any new locale with USAgua literature. In addition, our Staff will visit each Kiosk to conduct community seminars in water quality and family hygiene. 15 5. Operators to Owners Program After two years as a USAgua Operator we will offer some of our most gifted and hardworking employees the opportunity to purchase their own USAgua Kiosk. We are wholly convinced that there exists a universally powerful business strategy that assures the success of a program such as ours.This is called ‘pride in ownership’ and we intend to tap that strategy to its fullest. Our US Office The home office of McDonald Management is in Seattle, Washington as will be the home offices of USAgua International, Inc. At the top of our organizational chart is the President and CEO, Timothy McDonald. Mr. McDonald has a BS in International Econo mics (minor in Civil Engineering) with Masters work in International Economics all from the University of Washington. He has been in and out of East Africa for over thirty years with our State Department as both an employee and an independent contractor.He will oversee day to day operations both in the US and overseas. Norit X-Flow International will provide the Ultra-filtration modules. H-Dot Logic will provide the solar package design and modules. R. L. Clark and Associates of Redmond, Washington will be in charge of Investor Relations, financial program development and implementation. Bahiru G. Egziabiher will be the Country Director in Ethiopia for our Pilot Market Program. He holds a Masters in Electrical Engineering from the University of Washington and has worked for Seattle City Light for over twenty years. Bahiru holds duel US and Ethiopian citizenship.Dalrymple and Associates will be in charge of our Kiosk design and equipment coordination. In addition his company has desi gned our logo, the graphic presentation of our USAgua name and our color schemes and themes. RedRover Marketing will be in charge of our website design, maintenance and hosting. Our Office in Ethiopia W e will lease a centralized office/warehouse facility in Addis Ababa where we will identify, recruit and train a team of assemblers and fabricators to retrofit our containers, install our filtration systems, our solar modules and our storage tanks.Our paint shop will brand each Kiosk with our name, our logo and our color scheme. 16 Bahiru Egziabiher, our Country Director, will be in charge of our Ethiopia operations including the central warehouse and assembly facility. He will oversee the assembly of two complete USAgua Kiosks per month once we get underway. McDonald and Exziabiher and, eventually, a small team of Project Managers, will identify, recruit and train a Network of USAgua Operators. These Project Managers will be responsible for assuring the high standards of training, ma intenance, product quality and accounting standards for each of their Network Operators.Within two years there will be 40 Kiosks producing pure water in Ethiopia. There will be one Project Manager for every ten Kiosks. Our Operator Network is the key to our program. Once our USAgua Operators are identified and recruited, they will go through a thorough training program. They will serve a two year apprenticeship and then, if they have proven themselves capable of maintaining our extremely high standards, they will be given the opportunity to own their own Kiosk. In this way we will tap the entrepreneurial spirit of those who will make our entire program a success.How Hard is it to Enter the Ethiopian Market? The World Bank ranks countries world wide by their ‘Ease of Doing Business’. Of the 183 countries rated, Ethiopia ranks #107. In comparison, Egypt is #106 and Kenya is #95. Since 1993 when the people of Ethiopia removed their previous communist government and replace d it with one decisively more moderate and business friendly, the new leadership has striven to open its economy to a more capitalistic model. In the past 10 years, Ethiopia has been gradually re-writing its constitution in an attempt to open new markets and stabilize its business community.These efforts have paid off. In 2008-9 the World Bank ranked Ethiopia at #122 for ‘ease of starting a business’. This year they are ranked # 93. And, they are getting better every year. The following statistics are all from the World Bank. Ease of doing Business 107 Starting a Business 93 Dealing with Construction Permits 60 Employing Workers 98 Registering Property 110 Getting Credit 127 Protecting Investors 119 Paying Taxes 43 Trading Across Borders 159 Enforcing Contracts 57 Closing a Business 77 Summary of Indicators – Ethiopia Starting a Business Procedures (number) 5Time (days) 9 Cost (% of income per capita) 18. 9 Min. capital (% of income per capita) 492. 4 17 Dealing with Construction Permits Procedures (number) 12 Time (days) 128 Cost (% of income per capita) 561. 3 Employing Workers Difficulty of hiring index (0-100) 33 Rigidity of hours index (0-100) 20 Difficulty of redundancy index (0-10) 30 Rigidity of employment index (0-100) 28 Redundancy costs (weeks of salary) 40 Registering Property Procedures (number) 10 Time (days) 41 Cost (% of property value) 2. 2 Getting Credit Strength of legal rights index (0-10) 4Depth of credit information index (0-6) 2 Public registry coverage (% of adults) 0. 1 Private bureau coverage (% of adults) 0. 0 Protecting Investors Extent of disclosure index (0-10) 4 Extent of director liability index (0-10) 4 Ease of shareholder suits index (0-10) 5 Strength of investor protection index (0-10) 4. 3 Paying Taxes Payments (number per year) 19 Time (hours per year) 198 Profit tax (%) 26. 8 Labor tax and contributions (%) 0. 0 Other taxes (%) 4. 3 Total tax rate (% profit) 31. 1 Trading Across Borders Documents to exp ort (number) 8Time to export (days) 49 Cost to export (US$ per container) 1940 Documents to import (number) 8 Time to import (days) 45 Cost to import (US$ per container) 2993 Enforcing Contracts Procedures (number) 37 Time (days) 620 Cost (% of claim) 15. 2 Taking into account the above information provided by the World Bank, it will take McDonald Management about 90 days to secure all the necessary permits, licenses, patent protection registrations and lease agreements in Ethiopia. This will all be done prior to our first Kiosk leaving the US. 8 Mile Stones First Three Months Investors have been identified and secured†¦ A US $2,200,000 credit line is opened †¦ Dalrymple & Associates secures a short term warehouse lease where the prototype Kiosk will be assembled and the process documented. Norit X-Flow, H-Dot Logic and USAgua finalize specifications for the prototype filter/solar modules The USAgua Prototype is completed and Unit #0001 is prepared for shipment to Africa I n Month One, McDonald and Exziabiher leave for East Africa to secure business licenses and leases.While in Africa McDonald and Exziabiher identify and recruit a team of mechanics and fabricators as well as a Project Manager. They identify the first five individuals for the USAgua Operators Network. Months 4 and 5 USAgua Kiosk number 0001 is shipped from Seattle to Addis Ababa USAgua – Seattle begins producing and shipping filter/power modules to Ethiopia at the rate of 2 units per month. Containers are purchased and retrofitted in our Addis Ababa facility at the rate of 2 units per month.Assembly begins and the first delivery of a unit is accomplished. Months 6 -12 All elements of our program are coordinated and we are assembling and placing USAgua Kiosks in client communities at the steady rate of 2 units per month. Project Managers and Operators are continuing the training, quality control and apprenticeship programs. Month 13 W e achieve income/expense financial Break Even Month 24 The first 40 USAgua Kiosks are in place and working. The first USAgua Operator recruits are offered ownership of their Kiosks. 19 Business Plan SummaryW e are confident that a vibrant and lucrative market for safe, clean drinking water exists in every country of the world. We are also confident that we have the right Technology and Business Model to enter and eventually dominate those markets. To prove this, we are going to introduce 40 of our USAgua Kiosks into the Ethiopian market. There we will show that our technology is exactly right; that each of our Kiosks can be operated and maintained profitably for years. And, that our Business Model is sound and worthy of the trust our investors have shown.We have developed a set of financial projections. These itemize the key elements of our program and put a dollar figure on their implementation. They show that an initial two year investment of US $2,200,000 will produce an operating income/expense breakeven within a year and actual profit by the end of the 40 Unit 2 Year Pilot Program. Anyone interested in viewing our Financial Report, please, call Timothy McDonald. He will be more than happy to send along our spreadsheets. Many Thanks, Timothy McDonald 206-257-9839 20